²¹

While there is no evidence that air pollution causes asthma, it can trigger attacks in people who have asthma. Some air pollutants can also worsen asthma symptoms.

People with asthma have sensitive airways that are easily affected by air pollutants such as particles. The sources of particles in air can be natural (e.g. pollens, bacteria, fungi) or man-made (e.g. motor vehicle emissions, tobacco smoke, wood heaters). Smoke from bushfires is also a source of airborne particles. Fine particles are the worst offenders as they can get deep into the lungs. These particles irritate airways and can trigger asthma attacks.

If smog is a trigger, it may help to remain indoors and close external doors and windows on smoggy days. Bushfires and smoke can also trigger asthma. If there is smoke near-by remain indoors and close external doors and windows (unless advised to evacuate). If travelling in a vehicle through smoke, close windows and vents and use recirculated air to stop smoke entering the vehicle. Wear a dust mask if exposure to smoke cannot be avoided. The mask will need to firmly cover the nose and mouth to stop smoke entering from around the mask. Water down any dry, dusty areas before trying to clean up after a fire.

When indoors, you may be exposed to outdoor pollutants that have entered the building as the result of natural air flow and ventilation systems. You may also be exposed to other chemical pollutants that come from the building, furnishings, heaters and its occupants. Where possible:

• Avoid tobacco smoke indoors or in enclosed spaces such as cars
• Consider using electricity instead of wood fuel or gas for heating and cooking. Alternatively, use flued appliances to reduce exposure to nitrogen dioxide
• Use natural timber products or wood panels that are certified to emit low levels of formaldehyde
• Use building materials, paint and furniture that are certified to emit low levels of volatile organic compounds
• Leave several windows open for up to six months following construction or renovation to reduce levels of formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds within the building